One of the earliest air suspensions was built in the 1800’s. It
was made up of goat skin bags with flapper valves. The valve would
let air into the bag when the vehicle bounced in one direction and
trap air in the bag when the axle tried to move in the opposite
direction. This action provided a supply of air to the bag when the
vehicle bounced up and cushioned the impact of the bump when the
vehicle came back down. That application was for rail train
passenger cars. Even then, air was recognized as vastly improving
ride quality for vehicles, passengers and cargo.
Until the early 70’s air suspensions were generally only applied
to special vehicles requiring extra care for cargo, special axle to
axle load distribution and liftable axles for heavy dump trucks. At
that time, approximately only 3% of all of the vehicles on the
highway were equipped with air suspensions. The cost and maintenance
requirements restricted the use of air suspensions for many years.
During the 70’s and 80’s, technology and the understanding of air
suspensions improved greatly. Suspensions that previously required
maintenance every 30 days were improved to require visual inspection
only and were designed to last many years and thousands of miles
without requiring any hands on maintenance at all. From then until
now, usage of air suspensions has increased on class 8 trucks and
trailers to about 85% and 65% respectively. The use of air on
passenger automobiles and on - off highway sports vehicles has also
increased dramatically during this time period.
Although the cost of an air suspension is still higher than steel
or rubber suspensions, the value of the air suspension is recognized
to provide an excellent return on investment. This value comes in
the form of longer trailer life, decreased damage to equipment and
cargo, and improved ride conditions provided for animals and the
person towing the trailer. Bolts, rivets, welds, aluminum trailer
skins, and lighting connections all benefit from the softer air
ride. Air also provides a constant ride height along with a level
floor no matter how the load is distributed. In most cases, an air
suspended trailer will have an increased value over spring or rubber
sprung trailers at trade in time.